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Cáncer y COVID-19, un vínculo peligroso
Resumen
Fundamento: La COVID-19 es una pandemia causada por el virus SARS-CoV-2 cuya asociación con el cáncer puede tener efectos adversos.
Objetivo: Describir los principales vínculos entre el cáncer y la COVID-19.
Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en Google Académico, SciELO y PubMed Central con los descriptores SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 y cáncer, consultados en el DeCS. Se seleccionaron artículos a texto completo en español e inglés, principalmente de revistas arbitradas por pares.
Resultados: La COVID-19 produce resultados más desfavorables en los pacientes con cáncer. Estos resultados se relacionan con altas tasas de hospitalización, complicaciones y mortalidad. La frecuente asociación de comorbilidades en pacientes con cáncer parece contribuir a este vínculo peligroso. Las vías de señalización comunes al cáncer y a la infección por el SARS-CoV-2 son citocinas proinflamatorias, interferón tipo I, receptor de andrógenos y puntos de control inmune. Este conocimiento tiene aplicación práctica en el empleo de medicamentos para combatir la COVID-19 en pacientes con cáncer.
Conclusiones: El cáncer se relaciona con la COVID-19 grave, por lo que esos pacientes son más vulnerables a la infección viral.Palabras clave
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