Cardiovascular disease risk in schizophrenia patients in Sancti Spiritus Province, Cuba
Keywords:
Schizophrenia and epidemiology, cardiovascular diseases and epidemiology, longitudinal studies, global cardiovascular risk, risk factors, risk tables, schizophreniaAbstract
Background: Patients with schizophrenia have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease than general population and their life expectancy decreases by 10 to 20 years. The Cuban studies on the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in this population are scarce.
Objective: To describe the prevalence of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease in patients with schizophrenia admitted in hospitals in Sancti Spiritus province, as well as the risk to suffer a coronary event in the next 10 years according to the Framingham risk index.
Methodology: The design was a cross-sectional descriptive observational study in patients with schizophrenia diagnosis admitted in hospitals in Sancti Spiritus province. Inclusion criteria were patients of both sexes, with schizophrenia diagnosis according to CID-10, between 20 and 65 years of age, admitted to the psychiatry service and who did not suffer a serious cardiovascular event. Information was collected on sociodemographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics. The risk of suffering a cardiovascular event was calculated by means of the Framingham formula.
Results: The main cardiovascular risk factors prevalence was smoking (63.1%), hypertension (63.8%), diabetes (22.2%) and overweight (15.9%). The global risk index according to the Framingham formula was 8.2%.
Conclusions: The Framingham risk index for cardiovascular death was considered medium in this population. Smoking, hypertension and diabetes were the most prevalent risk factors.
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