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Punción seca profunda para reducir la espasticidad en pacientes que han sufrido un accidente cerebrovascular. Revisión sistemática
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Fundamento: El accidente cerebrovascular es la cuarta causa de muerte en Europa, representa una de las causas más comunes de discapacidad e implica costos sociales y sanitarios considerables a corto y largo plazo. La espasticidad es una de las principales complicaciones en los supervivientes de un accidente cerebrovascular. El tratamiento principal es la fisioterapia, sin embargo, recientemente se ha sugerido el uso de la punción seca profunda en estos pacientes.
Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia de la punción seca profunda para reducir la espasticidad en pacientes que han sufrido un accidente cerebrovascular.
Metodología: Se seleccionaron ensayos clínicos aleatorizados controlados, realizados en humanos en los últimos 10 años. La principal base de datos usada ha sido PubMed, a través de la plataforma National Library of Medicine.
Resultados: La punción seca profunda es eficaz para reducir la espasticidad tras un accidente cerebrovascular. La muestra total fue de 229 pacientes de seis ensayos clínicos. El número de sesiones osciló entre 1 y 6, se emplearon diferentes músculos según el estudio, la aplicación fue segura y no se produjeron efectos adversos graves.
Conclusiones: La punción seca profunda reduce la espasticidad, mejora el equilibrio, la marcha, la función muscular, el rango de movimiento y la precisión para mantener la estabilidad en pacientes que han sufrido un accidente cerebrovascular.
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